高考英语状语从句做题技巧PPT,高考英语状语从句

1.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词性从句

2.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-as 引导的各种从句之一

3.高考英语状语从句问题

4.求高考英语 谓语，非谓语，情态动词，虚拟语气，名词性从句，状语从句，特殊从句的用法，非常感谢！

1. B

如果后面是状语从句，则其时态为一般现在时，而不能是一般将来时（主将从现），由此排除引导状语从句的ACD；

B为同位语从句，即为句子主语The problem的同位语，解释其具体内容，其中whether的意思是“是否”。

2. C

答语为省略的强调句型，即其完整句子为：

It was at the department store ______ we uded to shop (that I got such a beautiful skirt).

这就说明______ we uded to shop为定语从句，修饰被强调部at the department store中的the department store.

很明显，该定语从句缺少地点状语at/in the department store，所以选入关系副词where.

如果选A that，即直接用强调句型，则答非所问（楼主自己翻译一下看看即知）。

3. D

定语从句，修饰句子主语A survey.

很明显定语从句缺少状语in a survey，即填入in which，也就是关系副词where.

此处where所表示的地点状语为引申含义。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-名词性从句

状语从句中的省略用法

在英语学习过程中，我们经常遇到状语从句中的省略用法，它是一种简洁、精练、地道的文字表达形式，也是值得关注的一个高考考点。例如：

1. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it. （ NMET 2002 ）

A. began B. hing begun C. beginning D. begun

2. When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced 状语从句中的省略用法现总结如下：

一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致且从句的谓语含有 be 动词的某种形式（ am/ is / are / was /were ），可同时省略从句的主语和 be 动词的某种形式。 1. when, while 引导的时间状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） Do be careful when （ you are ） crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。

（ 2 ） When （ it is ） heated to 100 ℃ , water will turn into vapor. 水加热到 100 摄氏度就会变成蒸气。

（ 3 ） When / While （ I was ） on my way to work, I met her. 在上班的路上我遇见了她。

2. if, unless, once 引导的条件状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） If （ it is ） properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. 如果废物妥善处理，就不会对环境有危害。

（ 2 ） The price, if （ it is ） a little higher than last year's, is still rather reasonable.

价格即使比去年稍高，但仍然相当合理。

（ 3 ） I'll not go to the party unless （ I am ） invited. 如果不邀请我，我就不参加那个晚会。

（ 4 ） Unless （ he is ） in uniform, he doesn't look like a policeman. 如果不穿制服，他看上去就不像警察。

（ 5 ） Once （ you are ） caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be published. 在超市偷东西一旦被抓住，你就会受处罚。

3. though, although, whether, no matter whether / what / how / who 等引导的让步状语从句。例如：

（ 1 ） Though / Although （ he was ） blamed for his mistake, the boy didn't seem to be angry.

尽管那个男孩受到批评，但他似乎并没有生气。

（ 2 ） He was hy, though / although （ he was ） poor. 他虽穷，却很幸福。

（ 3 ） Whether （ she is ） sick or well, she is always cheerful. 无论是生病还是健康，她总是高高兴兴的。

（ 4 ） Anyone, no matter who / whoever （ he is ） , may point out our shortcomings. 无论是什么人给我们指出我们的缺点都行。

（ 5 ） No matter how / However hard the task （ is ） , we must fulfill it in time.

　不管任务多艰巨，我们都必须按时完成它。（注意：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的 be 动词形式）

（ 6 ） The of China has decided to develop western China, no matter what / whatever the difficulties （ may be ） .

中国决心开发西部地区，不管有多少困难。（注意：从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时，只省略从句中的 be 动词形式）

4. as if, as though 引导的方式状语从句。

（ 1 ） He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if / though （ he were ） waking up after a long sleep.

他又揉眼睛又打哈欠，好像刚睡了一大觉似的。

（ 2 ） He stood up as if / though （ he wanted ） to lee.

他站起来好像要离开。（注意： as if / though + to do 表示一个将来的动作） （ 3 ） Jim hurriedly left the room as if / though （ he was ） angry. Jim 匆忙离开了时间，好像生气了。

二、 than, as 引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法：当不同的主语进行比较时，一般省略从句中的谓语；当从句中的主语与谓语（ be 动词除外）和主句中的主语与谓语相同时，通常省略从句中的主语和谓语，只保留比较的部分。

（ 1 ） He is taller than his brother （ is ） . 他比他的兄弟长得高。

（ 2 ） The population of China is larger than that of America （ is ） . 中国人口比美国人口多。

（ 3 ） You hate him as much as I （ hate him ） . 我和你一样恨他。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-as 引导的各种从句之一

《高中英语语法-名词性从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:s://.liuxue86/english/。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

名词性从句

名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。

(一)引导名词性从句的连接词

1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。

2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。

3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。

注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if(好象)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。

(二)主语从句

1、主语从句在复合句作主语。

e.g. Who will go is not important.

2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。

e.g. It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not.

3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。

e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.

(三)表语从句

1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。

e.g. The question was who could go there.

2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。

e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.

(四)宾语从句

1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。

e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.

2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或 whether。

e.g. I'm interested in whether you've finished the work..

I'm interested in what you've said.

3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。

①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。

e.g. I wonder if it doesn't rain.

②用if 会引起误解,就要用whether。

e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句理解)

③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。

e.g. I don't know whether or not the report is true.

I don't know whether/ if the report is true or not.

④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。

e.g. It depends on whether we he enough time.

They don't know whether to go there.

Please come to see me if you he time.

(五)同位语从句

同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。

e.g. I he no idea when he will be back.

The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.

练习:名词性从句

一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句,并指出是什么从句:

1. China is no longer what it used to be.

2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all.

3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station.

4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all.

5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.

6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disointing.

7. That is where Lu Xun used to live.

8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about.

9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?

10. I wonder why she refused my invitation.

二、用适当的连词填空:

1. I can't decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.

2. That's ____________ he refused my invitation.

3. I am very interested in ____________ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time.

4. ____________ we need is more time.

5. The fact ____________ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody.

6. ____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decided yet.

7. Please tell me ____________ you are waiting for.

8. Is that ____________ you are looking for?

9. Would you please tell me ____________ the nearest post office is?

10. I don't know ____________ he will agree to the plan or not.

三、选择填空:

1. Do you see _____ I mean?

A. that B./ C. how D. what

2. Tell me_____ is on your mind.

A. that B. what C. which D. why

3. We must stick to _____ we he agreed on.

A. what B. that C. / D. how

4. Let me see _____.

A. that can I repair the radio B. whether -I can repair the radio

C. I can repair the radio D. whether can I repair the radio

5. Keep in mind _____.

A. that the teacher said B. what did the teacher say

C. that did the teacher say D. what the teacher said

6. Could you advise me _____?

A. which book should I read first B. what book should I read first

C. that book 1 should read first D. which book I should read first

7. He was criticized for _____.

A. he had done it B. what he had done C. what had he done D. that he had done it

8. Would you kindly tell me _____?

A. how can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

B. how I can get to the Beijing Railway Station

C. where can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

D. whether can I get to the Beijing Railway Station

9. Mrs. Smith was very much impressed by _____.

A. what had she seen in China B. that she had seen in China

C. what she had seen in China D. which had she seen in China

10. We took it for granted ___

A. that they were not coming B. that were they not coming

C. they were coming not D. were they not coining

11. I really don't know _____

A. I should do next B. what should I do next

C. what I should do next D. how I should do next

12. I'm afraid _____.

A. the little girl will he to be operated on

B. that will the little girl he to operate on

C. the little girl will he to operate on

D. that will the little girl he to be operated on

13. She walked up to _____ .

A. where did I stand B. where I stood

C. I stood there D. where I stood there

14. Can you tell me _____?

A. who is that gentleman B. that gentleman is who

C. who that gentleman is D. whom .is that gentleman

15. We'll give you _____.

A. that do you need B. what do you need

C. whatever you need D. whether do you need

16. They want us to know _____ to help us.

A. what can they B. what they can C. how they can D. how can they

17. We must put _____ into practice.

A. what we he learned B. that we he learned

C. that he we learned D. what he we learned

18. Did she say anything about _____?

A. that the work was to be done B. how was the work to be done

C. that was the work to be done D. how the work was to be done

19. He was never satisfied with _____.

A. what she had achieved B. had what she achieved

C. she had achieved D. that she achieved

20. These photographs will show you _____.

A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like

21. Peter insisted _____ he pay the bill.

A. on that B. what C. that D. on which

22. They urged _____ the library open during the vacation.

A. when B. where C. why D. that

23. We wish we could he learned _____ when we were at high school.

A. what you did B. that you had done

C. that what you did D. what did you do

24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw when there.

A. what B. that C. which D./

25. From _____ I should say he is a good worker.

A. what 1 know of him B. that I do know of him

C. what do I know of him D. that do I know of him

26. I will give this dictionary to __ wants to he it.

A. whomever B. anyone C. whoever D. someone

27._____ they will come here hasn' t been decided yet.

A. What B. That C. When D. Where

28. _____ was said here must be kept secret.

A. Who B. The thing C. Whatever D. Where

29. It is still a question _____ we shall he our sports meet.

A. if B. that C. what D. when

30. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is up to her to decide.

A. If or not B. Whether or not C. If D. That

31. It is strange _____ she he left without saying a word.

A. that B. what C. why D. how

32. It is very clear _____ our policy is a correct one.

A. what B. that C. why D. where

33. _____ Mr Zhang said is quite right.

A. That B. When C. What D. Whether

34. It has been decided _____ he will be sent there.

A. if B. whether C. why D. that

35. It doesn' t matter _____he' s come back or not.

A. if B. whether C. that D. when

36. It's a great pity _____ we won't be able to finish the task on time.

A. when B. that C. why D. where

37. It hened _____ I wasn't there that day.

A. when B. why C. where D. that

38._____ you he done might do harm to other people.

A. What B. That C. Which D. The things

39. _____ lees the room last ought to turn oft the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D.Who

40._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.

A. Whether B. If C. Whenever D. That

41. _____ fails to see this will make a big mistake.

A. That B. Whoever C. Whether D. Whether or not

42. __ we need more equipment is quite obvious.

A. What B. Whether C. That D. Whatever

43. Has it been announced _____?

A. when are the planes to take off B. that are the planes to take off

C. where are the planes to take off D. when the planes are to take off

44. That is _____ we all support his idea.

A. what B. why C. where D. when

45. That's _____ we should do.

A. that B. what C. how D. why

46. _____ is troubling me is _____ I don't understand _____ he said

A. What; that; what B. What; what; what

C. That; that; what D. Why; that; which

47. Things were not _____ they seemed to be.

A. when B. why C. that D. what

48. That's _____ I want to say.

A. all what B. what C. all which D. what that

49. That's _____ .

A. where our differences lie B. our differences lie there

C. where do our differences lie D. that where our differences lie

50. That is _____ .

A. where lived he there B. where did he live

C. where he lived D. that where he lived

51. The questions is _____.

A. whether is it worth doing B. that if it is worth doing

C. whether it is worth doing D. if it is worth doing

52. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.

A. how B. which C. what D. as

53. That's_____.

A. how did I become a teacher B. how I became a teacher

C. how a teacher I became D. that I became a teacher

54. They are just _____.

A. that what shall I he B. what shall I he

C. that I shall he what D. what I shall he

55. It looked ____.

A. as if it was going to rain B. that as if it was going to rain

C. as if was it going to rain D. as if that it was going to rain

56. That's_____.

A. how she did it B. that how did she do it.

C. how did she do it D. what she did it

57. That is _____ we decided to put the discussion off.

A. where B. which C. that D. why

58. That's _____ I lived when I was ten years old.

A. where B. at which C. there where D. when

59. My suggestion is _____ we should send a few comrades to help them.

A. if B. that C. when that D. that where

60. The idea _____ all people are selfish is wrong.

A. what B. that C. why D. if

61. We heard the news _____ our team had won.

A. that B. what C. whether D. why

62. The fact _____ he hadn't said anything surprised us all.

A. why B. if C. that D. whether

63.I he no idea _____ she will be back.

A. that B. where C. that when D. when

64. We must keep in mind the fact _____ China is still a developing country.

A. whether B. that C. why D. when

65. They he no idea at all _____.

A. where he has gone B. where did he go

C. where has he gone D. which place he has gone 《高中英语语法-名词性从句》由英语我整理,更多请访问:s://.liuxue86/english/

高考英语状语从句问题

《高中英语语法-as 引导的各种从句之一》由留学英语组我整理(.liuxue86)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

as 引导的各种从句之一

as 作为英语中一个非常活跃的词，其引导的从句在中学阶级较为多见，它们的种类应根据实际意义具体分析判定。笔者现将 as 引导的从句归纳并说明如下：

一、 as 充当连词，引导状语从句。

1. 引导时间状语从句，主句动作与从句动作同时发生，译为?当?的时候；一边?一边?。如：

As the students watched him quietly， he mixed the three together.

当学生们静静地看着他的时候，他把这三种液体搅和在一起。

As the pupils walked along the lake， they sang hily.

学生们沿着湖一边走，一边高兴地唱着。

2. 引导原因状语从句，从句所表达的原因是比较明显的，已为人们所知的。如：

As he did not know much English， he got out his dictionary and looked up the word ? cough ? .

由于他英语懂得不多，就拿出字典来查?咳嗽?这个词。

As it was getting very late， we soon turned back.

因为很晚了，我们很快就回来了。

3. 引导方式状语从句，此时 as 可译为?如；像；按照?。如：

Remember， you must do everything as I do.

记住，你们都要照我这样做。

When at Rome do as the Romans do.

（谚语）入乡随俗。

I he changed it as you suggested.

我已经按照你的建议把它改好了。

4. 引导让步状语从句，多用于书面语中，且须用部分倒装语序，即将从句的表语或状语等前置。它比 though 和 although 引导的让步状语从句更有表现力，语气更强。如：

Poor as he was （＝ Though he was poor ） he was honest.

他虽然贫穷，但很诚实。

Child as she is， she speaks English well.

虽然她是个孩子，但英语却讲得很好。

Fast as you read， you can't finish the book in two days.

尽管你读得很快，但你不能在两天内读完这本书。

5. 引导比较状语从句，从句通常可用省略形式， as 译为?像?一样?。如：

It isn't as （ so ） cold as it was yesterday.

今天不像昨天那么冷。

二 . as 充当关系代词，引导定语从句

1. 引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分，先行词通常被 such， the same 所修饰，构成? such ? as， the same ? as ?结构。如：

You made the same mistake as （ you did ） last time.

你犯了和上次一样的错误。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me.

你必须尊敬我的妻子，像你尊敬我一样。

Such women as knew Tom （ = Those women who knew Tom ） thought he was charming.

认识汤姆的女人都认为他很有魅力。

2. 引导非限制性定语从句， as 所代表的不是主句中的某个名词或代词，而是整个主句。 as 可放在主句前面或后面。如：

As is known to all， Taiwan is part of China.

众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。

As we he seen， oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.

我们知道，海洋占地球面积的 70 ％以上。

摘自 中学生英语读写

as 引导的各种从句

湖南长沙市第十八中学 雷玉兰

as 作为英语中一个非常活跃的词，其引导的从句在中学阶级较为多见，它们的种类应根据实际意义具体分析判定。笔者现将 as 引导的从句归纳并说明如下：

一、 as 充当连词，引导状语从句。

1. 引导时间状语从句，主句动作与从句动作同时发生，译为?当?的时候；一边?一边?。如：

As the students watched him quietly， he mixed the three together.

当学生们静静地看着他的时候，他把这三种液体搅和在一起。

As the pupils walked along the lake， they sang hily.

学生们沿着湖一边走，一边高兴地唱着。

2. 引导原因状语从句，从句所表达的原因是比较明显的，已为人们所知的。如：

As he did not know much English， he got out his dictionary and looked up the word ? cough ? .

由于他英语懂得不多，就拿出字典来查?咳嗽?这个词。

As it was getting very late， we soon turned back.

因为很晚了，我们很快就回来了。

3. 引导方式状语从句，此时 as 可译为?如；像；按照?。如：

Remember， you must do everything as I do.

记住，你们都要照我这样做。

When at Rome do as the Romans do.

（谚语）入乡随俗。

I he changed it as you suggested.

我已经按照你的建议把它改好了。

4. 引导让步状语从句，多用于书面语中，且须用部分倒装语序，即将从句的表语或状语等前置。它比 though 和 although 引导的让步状语从句更有表现力，语气更强。如：

Poor as he was （＝ Though he was poor ） he was honest.

他虽然贫穷，但很诚实。

Child as she is， she speaks English well.

虽然她是个孩子，但英语却讲得很好。

Fast as you read， you can't finish the book in two days.

尽管你读得很快，但你不能在两天内读完这本书。

5. 引导比较状语从句，从句通常可用省略形式， as 译为?像?一样?。如：

It isn't as （ so ） cold as it was yesterday.

今天不像昨天那么冷。

二 . as 充当关系代词，引导定语从句

1. 引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分，先行词通常被 such， the same 所修饰，构成? such ? as， the same ? as ?结构。如：

You made the same mistake as （ you did ） last time.

你犯了和上次一样的错误。

You must show my wife the same respect as you show me.

你必须尊敬我的妻子，像你尊敬我一样。

Such women as knew Tom （ = Those women who knew Tom ） thought he was charming. 《高中英语语法-as 引导的各种从句之一》由留学英语组我整理(.liuxue86)

求高考英语 谓语，非谓语，情态动词，虚拟语气，名词性从句，状语从句，特殊从句的用法，非常感谢！

Put the book where it was.直译的话就是“把书放到它刚才的那个地方”。where it was 是表地点的地点状语从句，做动词put的地点状语。其中，where是地点状语从句的表语成分，所以不缺成分的

Put the book in the place where it was。与上面那句是同一句，where仍旧做表语，副词可以做表语，不一定要that才能做表语。这句where也可以替换为in which

一个英语句子必需有一个主谓结够，谓语就是句子中的动词。根据具体的人称数量的变换谓语动词也要相应的变换。

非谓语就是当一个句子中已经有谓语了，你还要用一个动词，这是这个动词就只能用非谓语形式：ing（常用于表主动进行）和ed（用于被动和完成）

情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, he to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语

一、 can, could

1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。

Can you lift this hey box?（体力）

Mary can speak three languages.（知识）

Can you skate?（技能）

此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。

I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.

当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如：

He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the hey rain.

2) 表示请求和允许。

-----Can I go now?

----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.

此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。

---- Could I come to see you tomorrow?

---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )

3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。

They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.

This hall can hold 500 people at least.

4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。

Can this be true?

This can’t be done by him.

How can this be true?

二、 may, might

1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用can’t或mustn’t，表示“不可以，禁止”。

----Might/ May I smoke in this room?

---- No, you mustn’t.

---- May/Might I take this book out of the room?

---- Yes, you can. (No, you can’t / mustn’t. )

用May I...？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I...？在口语中更常见。

2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。

May you succeed!

3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。

might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。

1．He may /might be very busy now.

2．Your mother may /might not know the truth.

三、 must, he to

1) 表示必须、必要。

You must come in time.

在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustn’t（禁止，不准），而用needn’t, don’t he to（不必）.

---- Must we hand in our exercise books today?

---- Yes, you must.

---- No, you don’t he to / you needn’t.

2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而he to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， he to 有更多的时态形式。

1． he play isn’t interesting, I really must go now.

2． I had to work when I was your age.

3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句）

1． You’re Tom’s good friend, so you must know what he likes best.

2． Your mother must be waiting for you now.

四、 dare, need

1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。

1． How dare you say I’m unfair?

2． He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

3． If we dared not go there that day， we couldn’t get the beautiful flowers.

2) need 作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, he to, ought to, should代替。

1．You needn’t come so early.

2. ---- Need I finish the work today?

---- Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。

1. I dare to swim across this river.

2. He doesn’t dare (to) answer.

3. He needs to finish his homework today.

五、 shall, should

1) shall 用于第一人称，征求对方的意见。

What shall we do this evening?

2) shall 用于第二、三人称，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

1. You shall fail if you don’t work hard.(警告)

2. He shall he the book when I finish it.(允诺)

3. He shall be punished.(威胁)

六、 will, would

1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉。

Will / Would you pass me the ball, please?

2) 表示意志、愿望和决心。

1. I will never do that again.

2. They asked him if he would go abroad.

3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。

1. During the vacation, he would visit me every other day.

2. The wound would not heal.

4) 表示估计和猜想。

It would be about ten o’clock when she left home.

七、 should, ought to

1) should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to表示义务或责任，比should语气重。

1. I should help her because she is in trouble.

2. You ought to take care of the baby.

2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。

1. You should / ought to go to class right away.

2. Should I open the window?

3) 表示推测

should , ought to (客观推测), must(主观推测)。

1.He must be home by now. (断定他已到家)

2.He ought to/should be home by now.(不太肯定)

3. This is where the oil must be.(直爽)

4. This is where the oil ought to/should be.(含蓄)

八、 情态动词+不定式完成式（he done）

1) can / could + he done在肯定句中表示“本来可以做而实际上能做某事”，是虚拟语气；在疑问句或否定句中表示对过去行为的怀疑或不肯定, 表示推测。

1. You could he done better, but you didn’t try your best. （虚拟语气）

2. He can’t he been to that town.（推测）

3. Can he he got the book?（推测）

2) may / might +不定式完成式（he done）

表示对过去行为的推测。不能用于疑问句中，没有虚拟语气的用法。Might所表示的可能性比may小。

1. He may not he finished the work .

2. If we had taken the other road, we might he arrived earlier.

3）must +不定式完成式（he done）

用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。意为“一定、想必”。其疑问、否定形式用can，can’t代替。参看1) can / could + he done表示推测。

1. You must he seen the film Titanic.

2. He must he been to Shanghai.

4）should +不定式完成式（he done）

用于肯定句中，表示对过去行为的推测。

He should he finished the work by now。

表示“本应该做而实际上没有做某事”，其否定式表示某种行为本不该发生却发生了。可以与ought to +不定式完成式（he done）互换。

1. You ought to / should he helped him. (but you didn’t.)

2. She shouldn’t he taken away my measuring tape, for I wanted to use it.

5) needn’t +不定式完成式（he done）

表示“本来不必做而实际上做了某事”。

You needn’t he watered the flowers, for it is going to rain.

6) will +不定式完成式（he done）

主要用于第二、三人称，表示对已完成的动作或事态的推测。

He will he arrived by now.

虚拟

1、条件句中的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。

时间

从句谓语形式

主句谓语形式

将来

动词过去式(be用were)

should + 动词原形

were to + 动词原形

would / should / might / could + 动词原形

现在

动词过去式(be 用 were)

would / should / might / could + 动词原形

过去

had +动词过去分词

would / should / might / could he + 动词过去分词

2. 目的状语从句中的虚拟语气

(1) 在for fear that, in case, lest引导的目的状语从句中，若用虚拟语气时，从句谓语为： should + 动词原形。并且 should不能省略

She examined the door again for fear that a thief should come in. 她又把门检查了一遍，以防盗贼的进入。

He started out earlier lest he should be late. 他很早就出发了以防迟到。

(2) 在so that, in order that所引导的目的状语从句中，从句中的谓语为： can / may / could / might / will / would / should + 动词原形。如(from .yygrammar)：

He goes closer to the speaker so that he can hear him clearer. 他走近说话的人以便能挺得更清楚。

He read the letter carefully in order that he should not miss a word. 他把信读得很仔细以便不漏掉一个单词。

3. 让步状语从句中的虚拟语气

(1) 在even if, even though 所引导的让步状语从句中，可用虚拟语气，主句、从句的结构与if所引导的条件从句结构相同。如：

Even if he were here himself, he should not know what to do. 即使他亲自来也不知该怎么办。

Nobody could se him even though Hua Tuo should come here. 即使华佗在世也救不了他，

4、英语中，如：advise, ask, demand, desire, decide, insist(坚决要求) , order, propose, request, suggest(建议) 表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 原形动词

5、

英语中，wish之后的宾语从句，表示一种没有实现或根本不可能实现的愿望，常用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为(from .yygrammar)：

表示所发生的时间

虚拟语气结构

发生在主句动作之前

(1)had + 过去分词；

(2)would / could / might / should + he + 过去分词

与主句动作同时发生

过去时(be 用were )

发生在主句动作之后

would / could / might / should + 原形动词

6、

英语中，would rather, had rather, would sooner等之后的宾语从句常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：

表示所发生的时间

虚拟语气结构

过去

had + 过去分词；

现在

过去时(be 用were )

将来

过去时(be 用were )

7、表示请求、要求、命令、建议等名词advice, desire, decision, idea, instruction,

order, plan, proposal, recommendation, request, requirement, suggestion,

wish充当句子的主语而后面接表语从句或它们后面接同位语时，表语从表面上看几屗及同位语从句都须用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) + 动词原形。