高考定语从句专练100题及答案_高考定语从句讲解

1.高中定语从句的讲解

2.高中定语从句讲解教案

3.如何讲解定语从句

4.定语从句所有引导词（详解）

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。who,

whom,

whose,

that,

which都是关系代词，在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语或定语等成分。现就该单元语法who,

whom,

whose,

that和which引导的限制性定语从句进行讲解。

一、who,

whom引导的定语从句

who和whom引导定语从句时，先行词必须是指人的名词或代词。who在从句中作主语或宾语等，口语中可用that代替who，作宾语时不能直接放在介词后面；whom在从句中作及物动词的宾语或介词宾语，口语中常可用who

/

that代替，也可省略；但在"介词+whom"引导定语从句时，不能用who

/

that代替，也不可省略，介词要依据从句中的谓语动词来确定。

二、whose引导的定语从句

关系代词whose是who的所有格形式,

既可指人也可指物，

whose后面应跟名词,

即"whose

+

n."引导定语从句，也可用"the+n.+of+which"代替，引导定语从句起修饰限制名词、充当定语的作用。

三、that引导的定语从句

a.

当先行词是指人或指物时，均可用关系代词that，指人可与who

/

whom互换，指物可与which互换，在从句中作主语或宾语等，作宾语时常省略。

b.

无论先行词是指人还是指物，that都不能放在介词后面作介词宾语。

四、which引导的定语从句

which引导定语从句时，其先行词通常指物，在句中作主语、宾语等，作宾语时常省略，也可跟在介词后面作介词宾语。

高中定语从句的讲解

我会在讲解的内容里面穿插一些下窍门，就算是告诉你怎样学。

1.d

所谓定语从句，也就是说这个从句在句子中的左右是定语。那么，定语需要有修饰词，这个修饰词在这儿特别地叫作先行词。

好了，定语从句第一步：我们要找到先行词，结合例子:

After

graduation,she

reached

a

point

in

her

career（where）she

needed

to

decide

what

to

do.这里的先行词是什么呢？这就没有窍门了，只有自己琢磨，靠语感。这里的先行词是point。

到这里为止，所讲的和为什么要选where没有一点关系。

那么为什么要选d呢？

定语从句第二步：看从句里面少什么：she

needed

to

decide

what

to

do.

这里缺什么呢？主谓宾还带了宾语从句（不定式作宾语）。要来也就只有状语了（附加知识：状语是英语里面附着性最弱的。）

好了，到此为止，第一题讲完了。

2.c

visit是及物动词，缺宾语

3.a

see是及物动词。

照这个分析法，貌似ab都可以，这就是定语从句的语法规则：句子里有序数词、最高级等时，只能用that(不止这两种，你可以上网去查一下)

4.c

这个是定语从句特殊用法，记住。（same..as中as直接带）

另外也可以这样看：根据句意，你教室里面那台电视很明显是你们在用着，所以我就不可能再用了，我只能是用和你那台一样的。

5.d

(你这里可能打错了，应该是larger)

如果中间是句号，那么a也可以（其实，定语从句几乎都可以拆成两句）。英语句子连接性很重要，不能像汉语那样形散意合，所以要缀一个which指向前面。对了，这句不选c的原因也是定语从句的语法规则，非限定性定语从句只能用which。

高中定语从句讲解教案

定语从句，一个句子跟在一名词或代词（先行词）后进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。

通俗来讲，从句在整个句子中做定语，这个从句就叫做定语从句。从句在主句中充当定语成分。 被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它通常只能放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。

定语从句由关系词（关系代词、关系副词）引导，关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。

定语从句=先行词+关系词+从句

扩展资料：

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未 有的繁荣。（which / that在从句中作主语）

The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

参考资料：

如何讲解定语从句

　定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。以下是专门为你收集整理的高中定语从句讲解教案，供参考阅读！

　 高中定语从句讲解教案

　 Ⅰ. 定义

　定语从句，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；关系副词：when, where, why。

　eg. She is the girl who sings best of all.

　The pen which my uncle gave me is missing.

　He lives in a house whose windows face south.

　The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.

　Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

　 Ⅱ. 关系代词

　1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that

　eg. He is a man（ ） never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.

　The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.

　2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that,

　eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.

　The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.

　3. 先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which, that

　eg . The train （ ） has just left is for Guangzhou.

　Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.

　4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略

　eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.

　The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.

　5. 先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用whose

　eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.

　China, （ ） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.

　 Ⅲ. 关系副词

　1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when

　eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.

　I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army.

　2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用where

　eg. This is the village （ ） Uncle Wang once lived.

　They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other.

　He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane.

　3. 先行词是reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用why

　eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late.

　None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting.

　4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词 + which”来代替。

　eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when （ = ） the People’s Republic of China was founded.

　This is the factory where（= ） we worked a year ago.

　I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school.

　 Ⅳ. 关系代词that & which的区别:

　⒈ 只用that的.情况

　① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时。

　eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it.

　② 先行词被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修饰时。

　eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for.

　③ 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。

　eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.

　This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen.

　④ 先行词既有人又有物时。

　eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school.

　⑤ 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。

　eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows.

　⑥ 句中已有who或which,为了避免重复时。

　eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom?

　⒉ 不能用 that的情况：

　① 引导非限制性定语从句；

　eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry.

　② 介词 + 关系代词。

　eg. This is the room in（ ） my father lived last year.

　 Ⅴ. as引导定语从句时的用法(as 相当于that & which)

　① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

　eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you.

　Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China.

　② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置灵活，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

　eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.

　Taiwan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China.

　 Ⅵ. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别:

　限制性定语从句: 一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。

　非限制性定语从句: 通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。

　eg. I was the only person in our office （ ） was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

　Tom’s father, （ ） is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

　 Ⅶ. 分隔定语从句

　即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语，同位语，谓语等分隔开来。

　此种定语从句，在选择关系词时，要注意找准先行词。

　eg. There is an expression in his eyes （ ）I can’t understand.

　I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball.

　I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly.

　选择填空：

　1. It was April 29,2011 Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.

　A. that B. when C. since D. before

　2.)Gutter oil is illegally recycled cooking oil, contains chemicals that are harmful to the human body and can even cause cancer.

　A. it B. which C. where D. that

　3. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, the audience can buy ice-cream.

　A. when B. where C. that D. which

　4. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.

　A. they B. where C. what D. that

　5. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, it will keep for two or three weeks.

　A. when B. which C. where D. while

　6. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of ------- uses it somewhat differently.

　A. which B. what C. them D. those

　7. A bank is the place they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.

　A. when B. that C. where D. there

　8. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students ------ allows them to communicate freely with each other.

　A. which B. where C. what D. who

　9 Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, ------ is a stupid thing to do in such weather.

　A. this B. that C. what D. which

　10. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ------ had taken more than three years.

　A. for which B. with which C. of which D. to which

　11. The school shop, customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays.

　A. which B. whose C. when D. where

　12.He was so pleased with all we had done for him he wrote us a letter to praise for it.

　A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; that

　13.The moon travels round the earth once every month, is known to everybody.

　A. it B. as C. that D. what

　14. is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.

　A. That B. Which C. As D. It

　15.After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life ------- you need to decide what to do.

　A. that B. what C. which D. where

　16.The novel was completed in 1978, the economic system has seen great changes.

　A. when B. during which C. since thenD. since when

　17.Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds have ever lived.

　A. which B. who C.不填 D. that

　18.The world is made up of matter.

　A. in that we live B. on which we live

　C. where we live in D. we live in

　19.David is such a good boy all the teachers like.

　A. that B. who C. as D. whom

　20.Is this the reason at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

　A. he explained B. what he explained

　C. how he explained D. why he explained

　21.He was very angry and I can still remember the way he spoke to me.

　A. how B. that C. what D. which

　22.That’s the new machine parts are too small to be seen.

　A. that B. which C. whose D. what

　23.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ------- I met in the English speech contest last year.

　A. who B. where C. when D. which

定语从句所有引导词（详解）

　 一、定义： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 定语 定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的'词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：

　1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

　2) You must do everything that I do.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。

　引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why关系词常有三个作用：

　1、引导定语从句

　2、代替先行词

　3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

二、关系代词引导的定语从句

　1、who指人，在从句中做主语

　(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

　(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

　2.、whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

　(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

　(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

　3、which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

　(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)

　(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)

　 三、定语从句的结构： 在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that, which, who, whose, when, where, why）。先行词在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。

　结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。

　1. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.

　2. In Japan, someone who sees another person making the gesture will think it means money.

　3. A theme park is a collection of rides, exhibitions or other attractions that are based on a common theme.

　4. The park has a conservation center that helps protect marine animals and their habitats in the rivers and coastal waters of Asia.

　5. Visitors can go on exciting rides where they can feel what it is like to do the things they have seen their heroes do in the movie.

　6. Oprah Winfrey is a black woman whose rise to fame is an inspiring story.

英语中，将在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词，放在定语从句之前。

引导定语从句的引导词（也叫关联词）可以是关系代词（that, which, who, whom, whose）或者关系副词（when, where, why）。

引导词通常位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起联系作用，又充当从句中的某个句子成分。

定语从句的基本结构是：先行词 + 引导词 + 定语从句。

定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两大类别：

1. 限制性定语从句是先行词必不可少的定语，与主句关系十分密切，如果被删去，则主句的意义就1不完整甚至失去意义，书写时主从句之间不可用逗号分开。

2. 非限制性定语从句是对先行词附加的文字说明作用，与主句关系不是很密切，如果被删去，也并不影响逐句的意思和完整性，书写时主从句之间往往用逗号分开。

一、判断定语从句引导词的一般规律：

（一）关系代词

1. that既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。

Who’s the boy that is reading a book?

正在看书的这个男孩是谁？(指人，作主语)

The man that you talked to is my uncle.

和你说话的那个人是我叔叔。(指人，作宾语)

The train that has just left is for Shanghai.?

刚发车的这趟列车是去上海的。(指物，作主语)

Show me the photo (that) you like best.?

把你最喜欢的照片给我看看吗。(指物，作宾语)

2. whose既可用来指代人也可用来指代事物，在从句中充当定语。

This is the girl whose math book is lost.

这就是丢了数学书的女孩。（指人，作定语）

The house whose windows are closed is mine.

窗户都关着的这栋房子就是我家。(指物,作定语)

3. which用来指代事物，在从句中作主语或宾语。

Look at the kites which are flying in the sky.?

瞧瞧那些在空中飞舞的风筝。（指物，作主语）

The pen (which) I’m using is pretty good.?

我正在用的这支笔相当好。（指物，作宾语）

4. who用来指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。

Could you recognize the thief who stole your things?

你能认出偷了你的东西的那个小偷吗？(作主语)

The man (who) you want to meet has come.

你要见的人来了。（作宾语）

5. whom用来指人，在从句中作宾语。

I’d like to make friends with the girl whom you are talking to.

我想和与你说话的女孩交朋友。(作介词宾语)

The man (whom) you want to meet has come.

你要见的人来了。（作动词宾语）

（二）关系副词

1. when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。

Could you still remember the time when the train left?

你还记得列车发车的时间吗？

I’ll never forget the date when I joined the League.?

我绝不会忘记我入团的日期。

2. where表示地点，在从句中作地点状语。

Is this the shoe factory where your father works?

这是你父亲工作的鞋厂吗？

Please show me the place where the accident happened.?

请带我到事故发生的现场去。

3. why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词通常是reason一词。

Do you know the reason why he was late for school?

你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？

Please tell me the reason why you won’t come.?

请告诉我你不能来的原因。

二、关系代词的省略问题

1.who，whom，that，which在从句中作宾语时，往往被省略，尤其是在口语和非正式文体中。

2.关系代词who，whom，that，which在从句中作介词宾语时，不可省。

3.关系代词who，that，which在从句中作主语时，不可省。

4.关系代词whose在任何情况下都不能省略。

三、只能用that作引导词的定语从句?

1.先行词指物时，只能用that作引导词的定语从句：

1）先行词是指物的all, little, few, much, any, anything,? something, everything, nothing, none, the one时。

All that I can do has been done. 我能做的都已经做了。

He won’t tell you anything that he has heard about it.

他不会告诉你他所听到的有关它的任何情况。

2）先行词前有all, little, few, much, any, every, no等修饰时。

There is little work that is fit for you. 没什么工作适合你做。

I have eaten all the food that is left. 我把剩下的食物都吃了。

3）先行词为what或which时，为避免重复，多用that。

Which is the house that caught fire yesterday? 昨天失火的是那座房子？

4）先行词是there be 句型中的主语，且指物时。

There are some apples on the table that are nice and sweet.桌子上有些非常甜的苹果。

5）先行词作主句的表语时。

It’s a book that will help you a lot. 这是一本对你有很大帮助的书。

2. 先行词指人时，只能用that作引导词的定语从句:

主句是以who开头的特殊问句时。

Who’s the man that the teacher is talking to? 和老师谈话的这个人是谁？

3. 不管先行词指人还是指物, 只能用引导词that的定语从句：

1）先行词被序数词以及last, next等修饰时。

It’s the last bus that you can catch. 这是你可以赶上的末班车。

He stopped the fourth thief who was running away.?

他把准备逃跑的第四个小偷拦截下来了。

2）先行词是名词化的最高级形容词，或者先行词被最高级形容词修饰时。

You can choose the best that you think. 你可选你认为最好的。

This is the best film that I have seen. 这是我看过最好的影片。

He’s the finest men that I have ever worked with.他是我共事过的最好的人。

3）先行词是数词时。

---I have two smart birds.我养了两只可爱的鸟。

---Are they the two that you bought last week? 是你上星期买的这两只吗？

4）先行词被the only, the very，the last, the just, the same 等修饰时。例如：

You’ve the only person that I met here.?

你是我在这儿遇见的唯一的一个人。

This is the very shirt that I am looking for.?

这正是我一直在寻找的衬衫。

5）引导词为从句的表语时。例如：

She’s not the girl that she used to be.?

她不再是过去的她了。

6）先行词同时包括人和物时。例如：

We often talk about the people and the things that we are interested in.?

我们常常谈论我们感兴趣的人和事。

四、先行词指事物时，只能用which做引导词的定语从句

1. 引导先行词为事物的非限制性定语从句时。

My dog ,which is now very old, became ill yesterday.

我家的狗昨天病了，它已经非常老了。

The pen, which writes very well, cost me RMB 20.?

这支笔花了我20元，它非常好写。

2. 关系代词前有介词时。

This is the classroom in which we studied last year.?

这是我们去年在里面学习的教室。

Have you ever been to a farm on which there is a small zoo?

你曾经到过有个小动物园的农场吗？

五、先行词指人时，只能用who作引导词的定语从句：

1、关系代词在从句中作主语时，通常用who。

The boy who helped you is my younger brother.?

帮你忙的那个男孩是我弟弟。

Is the woman who rides a red bike every day your aunt?

每天都骑着一辆红色自行车那个女人是你姑姑吗？

2、先行词为指人的all, one，ones，someone，anyone, everyone，no one等代词时。

One who doesn’t work hard will never get happiness. 不努力工作的人，永远得不到幸福。

Do you know anyone who can mend locks? 你认识会修锁的人吗？

3、先行词是there be句型中的主语，且指人时。

There is a stranger who wants to see you.?

有个陌生人想要见你。?

Once there was king who was very silly.?

从前，有个非常愚蠢的国王。

4、在非限制性定语从句中。

His father, who was ill in hospital for a year, died yesterday.

他父亲住了一年的院，昨天过世了。

I know the woman very well，who often wears a red T-shirt.?

我非常了解那个妇女，她经常穿着一件红体恤衫。

5、在被分隔的定语从句中。

I know the woman very well who often wears a red T-shirt.?

我对经常穿着一件红体恤衫那个妇女非常了解。

A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.?

教你们德语的新老师明天就会来。