高考英语阅读,高考英语阅读文章来源

1.2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结

英语阅读表达

　阅读表达题是近年英语高考出现的一种新的测试题型，它是阅读理解与表述阅读信息的结合。下面我收集了关于阅读表达题的备考策略，一起来了解一下吧!

　阅读表达题?英语高考新题型和备考策略

　 摘要 本文介绍了近年来英语高考中出现的一类新题型阅读表达题。笔者分析了新题型的形成背景，命制方式和基本题型，提出了解答阅读表达题的基本思路和备考策略，同时展望了其发展的基本趋势。

　 关键词 阅读表达题，新课标高考卷，题型创新，阅读理解，备考策略

　阅读表达题是近年英语高考出现的一种新的测试题型，它是阅读理解与表述阅读信息的结合(reading & expression)。命制阅读表达题的具体做法是：设计一篇在语篇结构上是并列或承接关系的300字左右的短文，之后是5个需要考生回答的问题。这些问题的回答需要考生从短文中提取相关细节信息，并结合上下文进行适当的概括、判断和推理，在规定的字数内将答案写在相应的空白处。

　一. 阅读表达题的课改背景

　阅读表达题的推出是与正在全国各省市区推行的高中学科新课程标准密不可分的。《普通高中英语课程标准》规定，高中学生毕业时的课外阅读量应达到18?30万字。这一量化的规定可见新课标对高中阶段学生阅读输入(input)的充分重视。同时，krashen(1985))认为足够的信息输入是保证高质量信息输出(output)的前提。阅读表达题正是这种阅读信息输入与即时输出的巧妙结合。

　阅读表达题是对阅读理解题型的创新。阅读表达题以一种主观题的形式，?打破了高考英语阅读理解十几年多项选择题的单一形式?。在阅读难度上它略低于前面的阅读理解题，而它是以主观回答的形式考查考生的表述能力，故中高程度的考生答题效果较为理想，而如果考生读不懂短文，就基本没有答对的概率。因此，该题型能?有效地评价考生综合运用英语语言的能力，而且会提高试题的信度和效度?，同时也具有较好的区分度。

　二. 阅读表达题的'设题类型和解题技巧

　在目前全国各省市区的高考试卷中，有四个省市英语试卷推出了阅读表达题：山东省(2007年始)，天津市(2009年始)，和江西省(2011年始)。湖南省试卷也在前几年简答题的基础上，2010年推出了阅读表达新题型。在卷面形式上，四份试卷阅读表达题均以一篇短文后加45个问题的方式命制，其常用的题型有：

　1. 主旨大意题。这一问题主要考查学生概括文章主旨或个别段落大意的能力，其主要目的是培养学生归纳主要信息的能力。现在高中学生阅读时的普遍问题是：文章大意都基本能看懂，但缺乏归纳主题和写作目的的能力，而这恰恰是阅读教学和学生获取阅读信息的主要目的。主旨大意题有助于矫正这种能力缺陷。主旨大意题既考查对整个短文主旨理解的能力(如江西2011卷76题)，也可考查对段落大意的归纳能力(如山东2011卷80题)。

　主旨大意题的提问方式通常是：what is the main idea of the text? / what does the passage mainly talk about? / what is the purpose of the writer?s writing the passage? / what does paragraph 3 mainly tell us?

　主旨大意通常会出现在文章的首尾段或段落的首尾句。在2010山东卷中，我们可根据第一段的最后一句：studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together benefit in many ways 概括处文章的主题为：families benefit from eating together.

　主旨概述既可以用完整的句子，也可用一个简洁的短语：a website where we can learn english well，或一个问句：how to deal with stress。

　2. 信息归纳表达题。该题要求考生能在短文中找到题目所要求的事实性细节，并能适当进行归纳表达。在找到相关细节信息之后，有时可照搬原文信息轻松作答，有时还要对事实性信息进行适当的整理(2011山东卷和江西卷78题)。

　信息归纳题有时以例举填空的形式：list three activities that might develop into addictions based on the text ①________ ②_________ ③_________，或回答的形式，如：point out the advantage of televised sport which does not concern money in paragraph 3. ________________。

　解答信息归纳表达题，一方面要找到相应的原文信息，另一方面要组织好词语的恰当词性。很多学生在考试时就没有注意到词性的要求。如回答上一题?advantage?即用短语 a health benefit，而有相当数量同学用一个句子__there is a health benefit_，实在是教训深刻。

　3. 指代关系确认题。考生根据下划线代词(如they, that, it,so 等)找到它所指代的上文内容。指示代词所指代的是上文的事物，考生主要是在上文寻找答案，答题难度相对小些。考生要注意到代词所代替的是上文的名词或动名词，如原文所指向的是动词或其它词性的词，则要相应的名词化。

　如2011江西卷80题：what does the word ?it?(line 3, paragraph 5) probably refer to?

　4. 补全文章空缺题。短文在设计时，在短文中间设一空，要求考生用恰当的短语或分句进行内容补全，使之与前后内容连贯，并与作者的写作意图相符。信息补全题类似于完型填空，但空缺处需填的通常不是一个单词，多为一个完整的句子，这就无疑给考生带来相当的挑战。做好这道小题，一方面一定要看懂上下文，另一方面还要会分析文章的发展脉络，使填进去的信息与上下文语境刚好吻合。2011山东卷77题和江西卷79题即为信息补全题。

　在补全文章空缺处时，首先要先知晓短文的主旨大意，因为需要填进的内容都是与主题切实相关的;同时要注意一些连接语篇的词语，如however，therefore，on the other hand，similarly等，这些词是上下文过渡和发展的关键词。2011江西卷79题为fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words，我们在通读全文后，知道短文的主题是?电视直播体育赛事的利与弊?，而前一段分析了?利?，同时我们注意到空缺处前有一表转折关系的连词however，且空白处的下文是分析?弊?，所以填进去的当为?there are also disadvantages ?,从而与上段形成?利与弊?的对比关系。

　5. 短文信息转述(填空)题。短文信息转述即通过题干中的一个句子，找到原文中的与其意义相近甚至一致的句子，并把它写在题目后的空白横线上。此题类似于paraphrase (using simple english sentences to explain the original sentences with complicated structures)，不过题目中的句子有时侯也是很复杂的复合句(山东2008年卷79题)。而短文信息转述填空题则是对原文相关句子paraphrase的基础上，在题干的空白处填上原文所缺的信息(江西11年卷77题)。它既需要考生找到原文与题干中相一致的句子，也要求他们在题干空白处补全与上下文相连贯的信息，是一道相对较难而得分较低的题目。

　短文信息转述(山东卷也称英文释义)的提问方式有：which sentence in the text is closest in meaning to the following one? / which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

　要练好英文释义题，考生一定要吃透所给转述句中的关键信息，捕捉与原文相吻合的关键词汇。2008山东卷79题所给转述句为accordingly, these shopaholics should turn to a certain organization for help so that they can stop complulsive shopping. 考生要能理解这句话的含义，同时根据下划线关键词在原文中第四段找到语义相同的句子。

　短文信息转述填空题是江西卷命制的一种新的题型，它是在山东卷的基础上将所给转述句的部分关键信息挖掉，而要求考生根据原句补充上缺失部分并注意其相应的形式。

　要备考英文释义题，教师平时在课堂阅读教学中要加强对复杂句的paraphrase训练。在nsec教材中就有很多练习专门是用来训练学生用简单英语解释复杂句型的。如笔者在教学unit5,book1时，就把原文中引用的nelson mandela 的一句话paraphrase 为两句简单句，而要求他们在课文中找到相应的原句。

　6. 词义猜测题。此题的命制目的是考查学生根据上下文理解陌生词语的能力。陌生词语以下划线的方式标出。指示关系的确认依靠上下文语境的暗示或信息的互补。在2009天津卷的阅读表达中，下划线的词语是?chrome-plated contraptions?，而上句话是说?几乎每一个美国人都要花些时间推购物车?，而含有下划线的句子是说?他们在一生中推______的里程有很多路?。显而易见，后句与前句在语义上是并列关系，所以后句中?推?的宾语就是前句中的购物车。《普通高中英语课程标准》明确规定，要培养学生?能通过上下文克服生词困难，理解语篇意义?。在阅读理解中，词义猜测也是常考题型，笔者查阅了06、07年全国各地38份高考试卷，其中就有37份考查了?在上下文理解生词?，均体现出新课标的这一理念。

　7. 开放性问答题。此题是要求考生根据短文中所出现的话题，发表你个人的观点和见解，如2011天津卷60题是就?人与动物的理想关系?发表见解，山东卷是就参加?某春假活动?表态，并说明其缘由。它没有标准答案，需要考生根据自己的理解和想象。开放性的问题使考生跳出了试题，有利于体现创造性思维。考生在平时要多思考生活，关注些社会和国内外问题，高考时方可写出具有自己个性、言简意赅而合情合理的句子。

　8. 其它题型。如山东省的翻译题(英译汉)。翻译教学仍是中学英语教学的一种方法，特别是一些复杂的复合句，更需要适当的成分分析和翻译。我们没有必要用?信、达、雅?的标准来衡量学生翻译的句子，只要翻译后的汉语能较流畅而又能忠实于原文。

　如湖南省和天津市的细节理解。细节题是阅读理解中的重要题型。据不完全统计，细节理解题在各省市区阅读理解的分值在40%-60%之间。而阅读表达题中的细节理解题更是对新课标?阅读能从一般文字资料中获取主要信息;能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息?的全新诠释和落实。细节理解题采用5w1h形式提问：

　what is the aim of the program?

　why did linda join the american women?s club of toronto?

　how does shaw feel about his future life with the help of cuddles?

　who may choose to participate in the alternative break program?

　

　三.阅读表达题型的备考

　高考作为一种选拔性考试，必然要反映出考生在学习能力和水平上的差异。高考相对于知识性考试而言，它对于记忆的要求要低一些，而更侧重于对日积月累的能力的考核。《普通高中英语课程标准》认为高考要以考查学生综合语言运用能力为目标。作为一种综合题型，阅读表达题既考查到学生的阅读理解能力，又能考查他们的书面表达能力，因此英语测试专家普遍认为这是一种能有效评价考生综合运用语言能力的题类。但作为一种新的试题类型，阅读表达题不同于阅读选择题，因为选择题是答案提示性问题，而阅读表达题是考查学生理解文章、组织语言、准确表达的能力，它没有提示性成分，所以广大师生对它都有一个认知?了解?熟悉的过程。阅读理解题解题能力形成和提高要把握以下几个方面：

　1. 阅读理解新题型渗透于日常教学和练习。

　众所周知，高考是中学教学的指挥棒，广大师生只有顺应高考改革的方向，才能取得较理想的成绩。我们既要研究高考新试题，更要把它贯彻到我们备考和复习之中。概括短文主旨、明确指代关系、归纳段落大意，英语释义，寻找关键词，这些能力的培养，是一个长期的过程。笔者在指导学生阅读训练时，要求学生做到有意识地用几个核心词汇概括文章或段落大意;在遇到一些复杂句时，则先呈示同义句，要求他们在原文文中找到同义句;通过上下文、构词法猜测词义;在一些记叙文中，教授学生以5w1h形式复述课文。

　2. 阅读理解新题型要求培养学生提炼概括的能力。

　在批阅试卷时，笔者常发现学生找到了题目在原文中的答案，但常出现句式错误。如回答指代关系题把动词短语填上去，信息列举题又把整个原句写上去。这些问题充分暴露学生在概括能力方面的欠缺。学生既要能圈定答案所在的句子范围，更要进行一些合理的提炼，才能准确到位的回答相关的阅读表达题。阅读表达题要慎抄原句。

　3. 阅读理解新题型要求学生阅读训练要持之以恒。

　在研究近几年高考卷阅读表达题型时，笔者发现其基本是稳定的，但各年份在排序和题型上有个别微调。这在客观上给考生备考增加了一定的困难，但只要严格按照新课标关于高中生课外阅读量的要求，学生坚持每日阅读600词左右信息量的短文(两篇阅读理解)，准备好这一题型是不困难的。

　4. 阅读理解新题型要把握好一些特有的细节

　阅读表达题各小题都有字数的限制。关于回答问题时超出规定字数如何给分，笔者请教了专程到笔者所在学校进行新课标高考卷调研的省教育考试院高考命题组专家，她的回答是超出字数均不给分。理由有二：考生没读题目后字数要求;考查学生概括能力。

　阅读表达题也属于主观回答的试题内容，因此考生一定要书写整洁、清晰，为自己赢得印象分，切忌乱涂乱该。

　四.结束语

　阅读表达题作为一种新题型，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又考查了学生在对原文理解基础上的书面表达能力。阅读表达题的创新之处在于它将学生的阅读理解能力转化为对阅读信息的撷取、归纳、表述和内化的能力，这与新课标的理念和nsec教材模块后的comprehending的问题练习是不谋而合的。基于高考对于中学英语教学强烈的反拨作用，我们一方面要巧妙而有选择地利用好comprehending中相关的练习，使高考题型训练常态化;同时通过平时的日常阅读和备考前相对集中地专项练习，进一步提高高中生阅读获取信息和表达的能力。

　参考文献:

　1.krashen,s.d. (1985) the input hypothesis:issues and implications. london: longman.

　2.richards, jack & c.lockhart. (2000). reflective teaching in second language classrooms. 人民教育出版社.

　3. 蔡银保 《专题调研：江西新题型》，汕头大学出版社，2011年

　4. 黄远振等 ?高考英语命题：现实与诉求?，《中学外语教与学》2008年第10期

　5. 江西省教育考试院 《2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试江西卷(英语)考试说明(课程标准实验版)》[m]，江西高校出版社，2011年

　6. 教育部 《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》，人民教育出版社，2003年

;

2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结

高考英语阅读理解技巧

新的高中英语教学大纲明确规定："侧重提高阅读能力"。纵观近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查的重点，自始至终占着主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。可以毫不夸张地说，做好阅读理解题，是获得高考英语高分的关键！

阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是：

1． 读材料的主旨和大意，以及用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。

2． 既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。

3． 既理解字面的意思，也理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度，意图等。

4． 既理解某句，某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。

5． 既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应有的常识去理解。根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：细节理解题，词句理解题，主题、主旨题，猜测词义题，推理判断题。下面作者结合平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。

一、 先看题干，带着问题读文章。

即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。 二、 速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。

试试看，你能找出下面一段文章的主题句吗？

The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.

不难看出，文章的第一句是主题句，后面的句子都围绕这个句子展开。

三、 详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。

文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。

例如：SEFC 3A Feed the World(2)

本文通过四个不同的国家和地区，总结了世界饥荒的主要原因。运用图表，文章的结构和思路就一目了然了。

Reasons for world hunger

In EU: 1) Food is bought from farmers and thrown away.

2) Farmers are paid not to grow crops.

In India: Most land is owned by rich land owners.

In less developed countries: Farmers are forced to plant cash crops.

In western countries: Grain is fed to beef cattle.

四、 逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一种创造性的思维活动。它必须忠实于原文；要以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知推断未知，不能凭空想象，随意揣测；它要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。只有吃透文章的字面意思，推理才有前提和基础。

推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。

例如高考题：

Annealing

Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. If metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping (浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle-that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not break as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as it is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass.

1. Why do people put hot metal in water?

A. To make it hard. B. To make it soft.

C. To make it cool. D. To make it brittle.

2. In annealing, the required hardness of metal depends on __.

A. the quantity of water used B. the temperature of the metal

C. the softness of the metal D. the timing of the operation

3. As suggested by the text, how can glass be made less brittle?

A. It can be heated and then cooled quickly.

B. It can be cooled and then heated slowly.

C. It can be heated and then cooled slowly.

D. It can be cooled and then heated quickly.

1、 答案为A，此题属推断归纳题。文中第二句说如果把金属加热，然后迅速放到水里冷却，也就会变得非常硬，但也变得脆。hard 是工艺的主观目的。brittle是伴随的客观结果，故选A而不选D。B项明显错误；C项是手段不是目的，因此，都可排除。

2、 答案为D,此题属概括归纳题。timing 是时间的选择。本答案的依据是5和6两句，"The metal is heated,…length of time.","The longer…the softer it becomes."cool 的时间是可以控制的，时间越长越 soft,即硬度就越低。由此我们可得出结论：在退火过程中，金属的硬度是受到冷却的时间长短影响的。

3、 答案为C此题属推理判断题。文中提到"metal"。最后一句说退火工艺同样可用于象玻璃一类的其他材料。文中我们已知"annealing"就是先"heat"后"cool slowly"。由此推断C是正确的。

五、 猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力，也是高考中常用的题型。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学?quot;顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

a. 定义法

如：Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly.

句子给予annealing 以明确的定义，即"退火"。

It will be very hard but also very brittle------that is , it will break easily.

从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是"脆"的意思。

The herdsman , who looks after sheep,earns about 650yuan a year.

定语从句中 looks after sheep 就表明了 herdsman 的词义为"牧人"。

b 同位法

如：

They traveled a long way , at last got to a castle, a large building in old times.

同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即"城堡"。

We are on the night shift----from midnight to 8 a.m.---this week.

两个破折号之间的短语很清楚地表明night shift 是"夜班"的意思。

c. 对比法

She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class.

but 一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天"第一节上了一半才来"，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向"准时"的结论。

d. 构词法（前缀、后缀、复合、派生等）

Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years. But the next hundred?

possibility 是 possible 的同根名词， 据此可以判断定 possibility 意思是"可能性"。

e. 因果法

The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken。Sometimes the weakness was permanent。So the player could never play the sport again.

从后面的结果"永远不能再运动"中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为"永远的，永久的"。

六、 养成习惯，潜移默化结硕果。

良好的阅读习惯：

1、 养成默读习惯，使注意力集中的文字符号上，纠正唇读，心读，喉读等做法，以免分散精力，影响阅读速度。

2、 克服指读、回视、重读等不良习惯，因为这样容易使理解只停留在某个词或句子上，使获得的信息支离破碎。要善于抓住句子中的核心词，从一个句子快速地扫视到另一个句子，进行连贯性理解。如：

"Would you like to do some shopping together with me? If you are free, please ring me back to tell me about it."

这个句子，只要扫视划线的核心词，其语义就基本上清楚了。

英语阅读能力的培养是一个渐进的复杂过程，要养成每天阅读英语的习惯，循序渐进，持之以恒，精泛结合，广泛猎奇。在潜移默化中你会感觉到你的阅读能力又有了长足的提高。

　阅读是外语学习者获取语言知识和提高语言能力的主要途径,阅读理 解能力是衡量学习者外语水平的重要指标。一起做一下阅读理解训练吧。下面是我为大家推荐的2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结，仅供大家参考!

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结一

　I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

　Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

　Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.

　1. The story took place exactly ____ .

　A. in the teacher?s office B. in an exam room

　C. in the school D. in the language lab

　2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .

　A. she had not brought a pen with her B. she had lost her own on her way to school

　C. there was something wrong with her wn D. her own had been taken away by someone

　3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .

　A. to go on writing his paper B. to stop whispering

　C. to leave the room immediately D. to stay behind after the exam

　4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .

　A. honesty B. sense of duty C. seriousness D. all of the above

　5. The boy knew everything ____ .

　A. the moment he was asked to stay behind B. when the teacher started talking about honesty

　C. only some time later D. when he was walking out of the room

　I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn?t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.

　我发现一个时间，做一个人能给你带来很多麻烦。当时我在第八年级，我们有一个最后的考验。在测试期间，坐在我旁边的女孩低声说了些什么，但我不明白。我倚在她的方式，发现她想问我是否有额外的笔。她发现她是我的墨水用完，不会写。我碰巧有一个额外的，所以我把它从我的口袋里，放在她的办公桌上。

　Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.

　后来，已经变成了试卷，老师让我呆在房间里时，所有其他的学生被开除。当我们单独在一起，她开始跟我谈什么是成长;她说，站在自己的两只脚，并负责是多么重要(负责任)为自己的行为。很长一段时间，她谈到诚实，并强调这一事实，当人们做一些不诚实的，他们真的欺骗自己。她让我保证，我会认真考虑所有的事情她说，然后她告诉我我可以离开。我走出房间问她为什么选择了跟我说所有这些事情。

　Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl?s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn?t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued to believe that I had cheated on the test.

　后来，我发现她认为我在考试中作弊了。当她看到我瘦了跟我旁边的女孩，好像我是从复制的女孩的试卷答案。我试图解释的笔，但她可以说是它似乎非常奇怪，她说我还没有谈到任何关于笔的一天，她跟我就在考试后。即使我试图解释说我只是做女孩的忙，让她用我的笔，我相信她仍然认为，我在考试中作弊了。

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结二

　To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

　Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.

　The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.

　A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play： they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.

　I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.

　1. What is the text about ?

　A. How to become a good teacher.

　B. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.

　C. What teachers and actors could learn from each other.

　D. The similarities(相似处) and differences between a teacher?s work and an actor?s.

　2. The word ?audience? in the fourth paragraph means ____ .

　A. students B. people who watch a play

　C. people who not on the stage D. people who listen to something

　3. A good teacher ____ .

　A. knows how to hold the interest of his students B. must have a good voice

　C. knows how to act on the stage D. stands or sits still while teaching

　4. In what way is a teacher?s work different from an actor?s ?

　A. The teacher must learn everything by heart .

　B. He knows how to control his voice better than an actor .

　C. He has to deal with unexpected situations .

　D. He has to use more facial expressions .

　5. The main difference between students in class and a theatre audience is that ____.

　A. students can move around in the classroom

　B. students must keep silent while theatre audience needn?t

　C. no memory work is needed for the students

　D. the students must take part in their teachers? plays

　6. Why is it that some good teachers are unable to play well on the stage ?

　A. Nobody has taught them how to act on the stage .

　B. Their audiences are different .

　C. It is impossible for them to do so much memory work .

　D. They are not used to repeating exactly the same words .

　7. Which of the following is true ?

　A. Teachers have to learn by heart what they are going to say in class .

　B. A teacher cannot decide beforehand what exactly he is going to say in class .

　C. A teacher must speak louder than an actor .

　D. A teacher must have a better memory than an actor .

　To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

　要成为一个好老师，你需要一些好演员的天赋;你必须能够抓住观众的注意力和兴趣;你必须是一个明确的扬声器，具有良好的，强有力的，悦耳的声音完全在你的控制之下;你必须能够按照你的教学，以明确其含义。

　Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not sit still before his class： he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality (音色) and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about.

　看一个好老师，你会看到，他不坐他的课前，他代表整个时间他是教学;他走，用他的胳膊，手和手指来帮助他解释，他的脸表达感情。听他的，你会听到声音，质量(音色)和音乐注意到他的声音总是按照他所说的。

　The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn?t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher?s work and the actor?s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand (预先). What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.

　事实上，一个好老师有一些好演员并不意味着礼物，他一定能够在舞台上表演好，有教师和演员的工作的。他说的话他熟记于心的很重要的差别;他必须准确地重复同样的话每次他扮演某个角色，甚至他的动作，他用自己的发音方式都是事先确定的(预先)。他所要做的是让这些用心学习的言语和行动似乎自然的舞台上。

　A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play： they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don?t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to meet the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.

　一个好老师的工作相当不同的方式。他的听众积极参与他的表演：他们提问和回答问题，他们服从命令，如果他们不理解的东西，他们这么说。老师必须满足听众的需要，这是他的学生。他不能了解他的心，但必须把它作为他走。

　I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage-play because they could not keep strictly to what another had written.

　我知道有许多老师在课堂上是优秀的演员却不能在舞台上扮演角色，因为他们不能严格按照别人所写的。

　2017高考英语真题阅读理解总结三

　The Doctor?s Call

　There was ice on the road, and the doctor?s car hit a tree and turned over three times. To his surprise, he was not hurt. He got out of the car and walked to the nearest house. He wanted to telephone the garage (汽车修理站) for help. The door was opened by one of his patients.

　?Oh, Doctor.? she said, ?I have only just telephoned you. You must have a very fast car. You have got here very quickly indeed. There has been a very bad accident (事故) in the road outside. I saw it through the window. I am sure the driver will need your help.?

　1. Where was the doctor going in his car?

　A. We don?t know. B. To a patient?s home.

　C. To a garage. D. To his own home.

　2. Which of the following was the cause of the accident?

　A. Careless driving. B. A tree had fallen across the road.

　C. A slippery (滑) road. D. There was a thick fog.

　3. The doctor went to the house because

　A. he knew one of his patients lived there.

　B. he had received a call to go there.

　C he wanted to use the telephone.

　D. he was injured (受伤) and could walk no further.

　4. Why did the woman patient telephone the doctor?

　A. She needed medical treatment.

　B. She believed somebody else needed a doctor.

　C. To ask how quickly the doctor could come.

　D. To ask whether the doctor was coming on his regular visit.

　5. How did the woman feel on opening the door and seeing the doctor?

　A. She had been expecting the doctor, but was surprised that he had come so quickly.

　B. She had not expected the doctor and wondered why he had come.

　C. She felt glad that the doctor was not hurt in the accident.

　D. She was alarmed (惊慌) at seeing the doctor in a bad state after the accident.

　6. Which of the following is the most likely reply the doctor gave the woman patient at the end

　of the story?

　A. ?Yes, he does need help-your help, not mine.?

　B. ?Another accident? I?ve just had an accident myself!?

　C. ?I got your call and rushed over. I hope I?m not too late.

　D. ?I didn?t get your call. But I?m here and hope I can help.?

　路上有冰，和医生的车撞上一棵树，翻了三倍。让他吃惊的是，他没有受伤。他下了车，走到最近的房子。他想打电话车库(汽车修理站)帮助。门被他的一个病人开。

　?哦，医生。?她说，?我刚刚给你打电话。你必须有一个非常快的车。你有在这里的确很快。有一个非常坏的事故(事故)在道路以外。我透过窗户看见它。我相信司机会需要你的帮助。?