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英语高考名词考点汇总,英语高考名词考点
tamoadmin 2024-05-29 人已围观
简介1.所有名词的用法2.高考英语语法:名词所有格的用法3.2014年成人高考专升本英语词汇知识梳理:名词4.高考英语语法必考点与常考点归纳(背诵版)导读公共英语考试想必大家对此考试一定不陌生吧,如今公共英语的用处非常广泛重要,公务员考试英语免考,自考,成人高考升专科,升本科英语也免考,公共英语考试分为笔试和口试,为了帮助大家都能顺利通过考试,下面是小编为大家整理的“公共英语考试必考语法考点:名词性从
1.所有名词的用法
2.高考英语语法:名词所有格的用法
3.2014年成人高考专升本英语词汇知识梳理:名词
4.高考英语语法必考点与常考点归纳(背诵版)
导读公共英语考试想必大家对此考试一定不陌生吧,如今公共英语的用处非常广泛重要,公务员考试英语免考,自考,成人高考升专科,升本科英语也免考,公共英语考试分为笔试和口试,为了帮助大家都能顺利通过考试,下面是小编为大家整理的“公共英语考试必考语法考点:名词性从句”相关内容,希望对大家有所帮助。
名词性从句用法及示例:
1.引导名词性从句的连接词
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:
连接词:that,whether,if(不充当从句的任何成分)
连接代词:what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whose,which
连接副词:when,where,how,why
不可省略的连词:
1.介词后的连词
2.引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。例如:
That she was chosen made us very happy.她被选上了,我们很高兴。
We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说我们队赢了。
比较:whether与if均为"是否"的意思。但在下列情况下,whether不能被if取代:
1.whether引导主语从句并在句首
2.引导表语从句
3.whether从句作介词宾语
4.从句后有"or not"
大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it充当形式主语。例如:
It is not important who will go.谁去,这不重要。
It is still unknown which team will win the match.到底谁赢呢,形势尚不明朗。
名词性that-从句
1)由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。That只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语。例如:
主语:That he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气。
宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语:The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语:The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his
office.
近来谁也没有见过他,这一情况令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语:I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2)That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末。例如:
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to
failure.很清楚,整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave.你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:
a.It+be+形容词+that-从句
It is necessary that…有必要……
It is important that…重要的是……
It is obvious that…很明显……
b.It+be+-ed分词+that-从句
It is believed that…人们相信……
It is known to all that…从所周知……
It has been decided that…已决定……
c.It+be+名词+that-从句
R>It is common knowledge that………是常识
It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that…事实是……
d.It+不及物动词+that-分句
It appears that…似乎……
It happens that…碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起……
以上就是小编今天给大家整理发送的关于“公共英语考试必考语法考点:名词性从句”的相关内容,希望对大家有所帮助。如果你打算零基础备考公共英语考试,小编建议你先从考试大纲出发备考哦!
所有名词的用法
advice,baggage,hair,change,furniture,homework,information,knowledge,money,progress等等。
一、advice:
1、读音:英 [?d'va?s],美 [?d'va?s]
2、意思:
n. 劝告;忠告;建议
3、例句:
I set a high value on his advice.
我认为他的忠告很有价值。
二、baggage:
1、读音:英 ['b?ɡ?d?],美 ['b?ɡ?d?]
2、意思:
n. 行李
3、例句:
Our baggage has cleared customs.
我们的行李已通过海关检查。
三、hair:
1、读音:英?[he?(r)],美?[her]? ?
2、意思:
n.?头发;毛发;极少量
3、例句:
Hair is easy to collect and convenient to store.
毛发既容搜集又便于保存。
四、change:
1、读音:英 [t?e?nd?],美 [t?e?nd?]
2、意思:
n. 变化;零钱
v. 改变
3、例句:
His perception of the change came in a flash.
他在一瞬间察觉到了这一变化。
五、furniture:
1、读音:英 ['f?n?t?(r)],美 ['f?rn?t?r]
2、意思:
n. 家具;设备,装置;床罩;必要的附属品;会计家俬
3、例句:
We will buy some furniture for our new house.
我们得给我们的新房子买些家具。
高考英语语法:名词所有格的用法
名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词和不可数名词。
还有一些词既是可数名词,又是不可数名词,如: ice-cream、salad、chicken。
一、可数名词变复数的规则变化
(1)一般情况下名词变复数直接在名词词尾加-s就可以。
(2)以-s、-x、-ch、-sh等结尾的名词变复数,需要在词尾加-es。
(3)以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,便y为i再加-es?。
(4)以-f或-fe结尾的名词变复数,变-f或-fe为v,再加-es。
(5)以o结尾的名词变复数时,注意词末为两个元音字母的词只加-s。
二、不可数名词“数量”?的表示方法
在英语中,不可数名词如果要表示“量”的概念,可以用以下两种方法:
(1)用much,a little,little、a lot of / lots of,、plenty of、some,any等表示多少,
例如:a lot of milk许多牛奶
(2)用“数词+表示数量的名词+of+不可数名词”?这类短语(a piece of……)表示。
如:a piece of bread/a piece of paper /? a glass of water(milk)/ a cup of tea / a bag of rice
如果要表示“两杯茶”、“四张纸”这类复数概念时,在容器后加复数,例如:
two cups of tea / four pieces of paper / there glasses of water
扩展资料:
1、名词可作主语、宾语,有时也可作定语。
2、动词,可用作谓语,不定式to do等。
3、形容词可作定语修饰名词,也可单独使用,作表语。
4、副词可单独使用,也可以修饰动词和形容词。
5、代词可作主语,也可作宾语或者表语。
6、介词可与动词构成词组,也可以与名词构成介词短语,作表语、状语等。
7、数词作定语与名词共用,或者构成时间。
8、连词,顾名思义,连接两个句子,并能表示两个句子之间的关系。
9、冠词,加在名词前面,表示限定(the)和数量(a/an)。
10、感叹词用于表达一种惊奇,生气,喜悦等感情。
2014年成人高考专升本英语词汇知识梳理:名词
1. 名词的格的种类
英语名词有三个格,即主格、宾格和所有格。名词的主格和宾格形式相同,所以它们又统称作通格。当名词用作主语、宾语、表语时,用通格。英语名词的所有格表示所属关系,它分-’s 所有格和 of 所有格两种形式。
Tom loves Mary. (Tom 为主格,Mary 为宾格,均为通格形式)
Tom’s best friend is Mary. (Tom’s 是所有格,Mary 为通格)
The title of the book is interesting. (of the book 为所有格)
2. -’s所有格的构成方法
(1) 一般情况(包括单数名词和不带词尾s的复数名词)加 -’s:
children’s books 儿童图书
today’s paper 今天的报纸
(2) 带词尾s的复数名词只加省字撇(‘):
girls’ school 女子学校
the Smiths’ car 史密斯家的小汽车
注:带词尾s的单数名词,通常仍加’s:
the boss’s plan 老板的计划
the hostess’s worry 女主人的担心
(3) 带词尾s的人名,可加’s 或只加省字撇(‘):
Dickens’ novels 狄更斯的小说
Charles’s job 查理斯的工作
不带词尾-s却以咝音结尾者,一律加’s:
Marx’s works 马克思的著作
George’s room 乔治的房间
(4) 用and连接的并列连词的所有格要分两种情况,即表示各自的所有关系时,要分别在并列连词后加-’s,表示共同的所有关系时,只在最后一个名词后加-’s:
Tom’s and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(各自)的房间
Tom and Jim’s rooms 汤姆和吉姆(共同)的房间
3. -’s所有格的用法
-’s 所有格主要用于有生命的东西,但有时也可用于无生命的东西,这主要见于:
(1) 用于表时间的名词后:
tomorrow’s weather 明天的天气
two days’ journey 两天的旅程
比较:ten minutes’ break = a ten-minute break 10分钟的休息
(2) 用于表国家、城市的名词后:
America’s policy 美国的政策
the city’s population 这个城市的人口
(3) 用于某些集合名词后:
the majority’s view 多数人的观点
the government’s policy 政府的政策
(4) 用于组织机构后:
the station’s waiting-room 车站候车室
the newspaper’s editorial policy 这家报纸的我方针
(5) 用于度量衡及价值名词后:
a mile’s distance 1英里的距离
twenty dollar’s value 20 美元的价值
注:对于带有连字符已转化为形容词的度量衡,不能用所有格形式:
ten-minute walk 10分钟的路程(比较:ten minutes’ walk)
(6) 用于表天体的名词后:
the moon’s rays 月光
the earth’s surface 地球表面
(7) 用于某些固定表达中:
a stone’s throw 一箭之遥
at one’s wit’s end 黔驴技穷
at arm’s length 以一臂之距
out of harm’s way 在完全的地方
4. -’s 所有格与of 所有格的用法比较
(1) of 所有格既可用于有生命的人或物,也可用于无生命的东西。of 所有格有时可以与-’s 所有格互换。如:
Mr Smith’s son = the son of Mr Smith 史密斯先生的儿子
Jim’s patience = the patience of Jim 吉姆的耐心
the Queen’s arrival = the arrival of the Queen 女王的到达
(2) 必须用 ‘s 所有格的情形:
①表类别时:men’s shoes 男鞋,children’s stories 儿童故事
②表来源时:John’s telegram 约翰的电报
③当被修饰的名词后有同位语修饰时:Mary’s husband, a policeman, has just been here. 玛丽的丈夫是个警察,刚刚来过这儿。
(3) 必须用of 所有格的情形:
①用于无生命的事物时:the subject of the sentence 句子主语
②表同位关系时:the City of Beijing 北京市
③当中心词是名词化的名词时:the life of the poor 穷人的生活
④当of 所有格中的名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时:Mr Smith is a foreign teacher of a university in China. 史密斯先生是中国一所大学的外籍教师。
高考英语语法必考点与常考点归纳(背诵版)
一、可数名词与不可数名词
名词分可数与不可数两种。
可数名词表示某类人或东西中的个体。如table, country.
或表示若干个体组成的集合体。如 family, people, committee, police.
不可数名词表示无法分为个体的实物。如air, tea, furniture, water.
或表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念。如work, information, advice, happiness.
有些名词在一种场合下是可数名词,在另一种场合下是不可数名词。
如room 房间(可数),空间(不可数)
time 时间(不可数),次数(可数)
fish 鱼(不可数),各种各样的鱼(可数)
比较下列例句:
There are nine rooms in the house. (房间,可数名词)
There isn't enough room for us three in the car . (空间,不可数名词)
不可数名词的数量可以通过在其前面加单位词来表示。
如: 一块肉 a piece of meat
两条长面包 two loaves of bread
三件家具 three articles of furniture
一大笔钱 a large sum of money
二、可数名词的复数形式
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。名词复数的构成如下:
1.一般情况下在名词后加-s.如:girls, books.
浊辅音、元音结尾,s发[z]
2.以s, x , ch, sh结尾的词在名词后加-es.如:glasses, boxes, matches, bushes.
以s, x , ch, sh结尾,es发[iz]
3.“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,变y为i再加-es.如:city-cities, country-countries.
4.以o结尾的词多数加-es.如:heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.
radios, zoos, photos, pianos, kilos 例外。
5.f, fe 结尾的词,多数变f,fe为v再加-es.如:thief-thieves, leaf-leaves, half-halves, life-lives, wife-wives, knife-knives.
少数名词有不规则的复数形式。如:man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, child-children, mouse-mice.
可数名词复数一般情况下考不规则复数形式。
个别名词的单数和复数的形式是一样的。如Chineses, Japanese, sheep, deer.
三、名词的所有格
名词的所有格表示所属关系, 起形容词的作用。
当名词表示有生命的东西时,所有格一般是在词尾加 's .
如:Jean's room, my daughter-in-law's friends, my daughters-in-law's friends, children's books.
如果名词已经有了复数词尾s, 则只需加'.如:the teachers' books, my parents' car.
时间名词的所有格在后面加's ,复数加' .如:today's newspaper, five minutes' walk.
当名词表示无生命的东西时,所有格常由“of”短语构成。
如:the top of the world, the cover of the book, China's capital.
加 's 或 ' 的名词所有格可以表示店铺或某人的家。
如:the grocer's, the tailor's, the Smith's .
名词所有格考试常见部分是
名词表示没有生命的东西时,不能直接在其后加's.
时间名词所有格在其后加's,或复数名词后直接加'.
四、名词在句子中的作用
1.主语是可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
All roads lead to Rome.(条条大路通罗马。)
His brother is an industrial engineer.
The number of the students attending the party is increasing.
the number of 表示数量,无论后面名词是复数还是单数,谓语动词是单数形式。
Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me.
two-thirds 三分之二
几分之几作主语,谓语是单数形式。
Both of us are studying English.
总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词单数形式;
几分之几,谓语单数形式;
both 谓语使用复数形式。
2、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All the money he received was given to his mother.
Forgetting the past means betrayal.
What we are talking now is useless.
3.主语部分若有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except等短语,谓语动词的单、复数与短语前面的名词一致。
Mary, as well as her two sisters, is a student of this school.
(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary的主语补足语,主语 Mary 是单数,所以谓语动词用单数形式)
No one except my friends knows anything about it.
4.表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时,如果当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。
Three times two is six.
Three kilometers is 3,ooo metres. (three kilometers作为整体来看)
5.Either, neither作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of us has been to Italy.
Has either of them been to Shanghai?
none代表可数的人或东西时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,代表不可数的东西时,谓语动词用单数形式。
None of the students have/has seen the film.
None of the money belongs to me.
6.主语由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接时,谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定。
Not only you but also I am wrong.
Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon.
Either you or she is to do the work.
7.主语中有and,如果表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数。
The bread and butter is nice.
8.主语前有many a, more than one修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a book has been read by the students.
many a book=many books
More than one person has been to the Great Wall.
9.集合名词作主语,当作整体看待时,谓语动词用单数形式,当作每个独立的个体看待时,谓语动词用复数。
The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)
The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体)
People, police作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The police have come to arrest him.
名词部分考试重点
1、可数名词与不可数名词里,哪几个词是不可数名词。
2、可数名词复数形式重点掌握不规则形式,单、复数相同的名词。
3、名词所有格重点掌握时间名词所有格在其后加's,复数加'.
4、名词在句中的作用,重点掌握刚才的9点。
考点测试
1.Ten days ______ long enough for Mr. Carter to finish his design. He doesn't need any more.
A. is B. has been C. was D. had been
ten days 作为一个整体看待,谓语用单数形式。(注意时态)
答案 A
2. Now, many people use the word Ms instead of Miss or Mrs, for example, before the names of ______ in business letters.
A. woman manager B. women manager C. woman managers D. women managers
names 是复数形式,其后的名词肯定是复数。
两个名词变为复数,两个都要变。
答案 D
3. The number of students who failed the chemistry examination _____ to fifteen.
A. have increased B. has increased C. is increased D. are increasing
the number of 谓语动词用单数。
答案 B
4. Neither John nor his father _______ able to wake up early enough to catch the morning train.
A. was B. were C. would be D. have been
neither……nor谓语动词跟相邻的主语一致。
答案 A
5. The room is eight _______ long.
A. foot B. foots C. feet D. feets
foot 英尺,复数形式 feet
答案 C
8. Not only the students but also their teacher ______ at the meeting.
A. was present B. were present C. have been presented D. has been presented
not only…… but also 谓语动词与相邻名词一致。
present 呈现,介绍
答案 A
9. One of the things she wrote about ______ life on a small farm at the beginning of the century.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
one of 谓语用单数。
答案 B
10. Only about one out of twelve of the young men and women of this country _____ college education.
A. receive B. receives C. have received D. have been received
one out of 谓语用单数形式。
答案 B
11. Never before ______ so many people been engaged in producing goods just for the comfort of man.
A. has B. have C. will D. would
never before开头,句子倒装。
主语so many people为复数。
engage in doing sth. 忙于做某事。
答案 B
12. At the bus stop were a soldier and two young people on their way to North Carolina.
A. were B. was C. is D. sits and waits
主语 a soldier and two young people为复数
答案 A
13. There ______ the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream.
A. goes B. go C. gone D. was gone
主语 the last piece of cake and the last spoonful of ice cream复数
答案 B
14. Mr. Brown, and not I , ________ chosen to be the representative of the class.
A. is B. am C. are D. have been
主语 Mr.Brown
答案 A
15. The teacher, as well as a number of students, _______ to attend the party.
A. ask B. asks C. was asked D. were asked
谓语动词与as well as前面的名词一致。
答案 C
16. The hostess together with the guests of honor ________ comfortably in the living room.
A. was seated B. seated C. were seated D. were seating
谓语与 together with 前的名词一致
be seated 就坐
Please be seated ladies and gentlmen.
Seat the boy next to his brother.
答案 A
17. The father, rather than the brothers, _______ responsible for the accident.
A. is B. are C. have been D. has
主语 the father ,单数
be responsible for 对……负责
答案 A
18. Either Carol or Grace ______ to the concert, but one of them has to stay home.
A. is coming B. are coming C. will coming D. have come
either……or 谓语动词与临近主语一致。
答案 A
19. The total amount of money ______ 100 dollars.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
money 不可数名词,谓语动词单数。
答案 A
20. Great quantities of fish _____ on high seas.
A. is caught B. are caught C. catch D. is catching
quantities 复数形式
答案 B
21. Either of the young ladies _____ perfectly qualified to teach Greek and Latin.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
either打头,谓语动词单数。
答案 A
22. Having studied your report carefully, I am convinced that neither of your solutions _____ correct.
A. are B. is C. had D. will
neither 两者都不,谓语动词单数。
答案 B
23. In some countries each of the citizens ______ to decide government policies.
A. helps B. help C. are helped D. is helped
each 每一个,谓语动词单数。
答案 A
24. The nurse added_____ to the medcine to make the ease for the child to take.
A. some sugar B. some sugars C. a sugar D. sugars
suger 不可数名词
答案 A
take medcine 吃药
25. “I like your furniture very much.”
“Thank you. We bought ____ in Beijing.”
A. the most of them B. the most of it C. most of them D. most of it
furniture 不可数名词
答案 D
语法点一、名词和冠词
考点有名词的可数与不可数,名词的格,名词作定语,冠词的考点是,定冠词与不定冠词,零冠词.
二、代词和it的用法
一般常考的是other,another,the other,others的区别,both,either,neither,all,every,each,none的区别。
还有something,anything,everything的用法(这个比较简单)这一块最难的应该是it,that,one作代词时的区别了。
三、介词和连词
一般考动词的固定搭配,in,at,for,to,of,on,with,about,from,into,after···常用介词.连词最常考得应该是“除此之外”了,expect,expect for,besides,还有表原因的连词;as,for,since,because的区别。
四、形容词和副词
这一块比较简单最常考的就是比较级了,其次是以ly结尾但不是副词的词了,比如说friendly是形容词,形容词的排序问题在今年的高考中也出现了,不过这个是基础但不是重点。
五、动词和动词短语
这个考点是重点,在完形填空及改错和单选中是必考的,这个只能靠你自己的积累,课本中的动词短语是重点,必须记下来。
六、情态动词和虚拟语气
常见的情态动词就够应付考试了,虚拟语气是高中语法的难点但不是重点。
七、动词的时态和语态(就是主动句和被动句)
时态有一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,现在进行表将来,一般现在表将来,过去将来时(一般不考),现在完成时,过去完成时,现在完成进行时(现在很常考)。
八、非谓语动词
动名词作主语,不定式作主语,动名词作宾语,不定式作宾语,动名词作定语,不定式做定语,这一块也比较简单九、数词和主谓一致,数词的考点;基数词,序数词,分数,百分数,(这一块既不是难点也不是重点),主谓一致在以前比较重要,现在地位有所下降。
十、简单句和并列句
十一、定语从句
这可是重点,不过只要上课认真听,这一块其实不难理解。
十二、名词性从句
常和定语从句进行比较区别,尤其是what和that的区别。
十三、状语从句
时间地点状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,方式状语从句,目的状语从句,有一个问题可以总结以上三个从句。
十四、省略,倒装和强调
比较常考的是,部分倒装和全部不倒装,这一块就这一个重点。
十五、交际英语
也就是口语,这一部分现在很火,每年必考,这个只有靠自己总结.以上就是十五道选择题的来源,当然,不是哪个都会考得,只要学会以上十五个考点,在高考时绝对没问题。
扩展资料:
学好语法的办法:
1、代词。学习代词,首先要对代词的定义、性质、功能及种类有一定的认知;掌握各类代词的用法以及人称代词前后指称的一致的用法。其中各类代词的用法以及不定代词的用法极其构成的固定搭配是学习重点。下面我给出我的学习建议:同学习名词一样,掌握了各个语法要点之后做练习。
2、数词。学习数词时,掌握各类数词的用法、倍数表达法、基数词的特殊念法与时间和数字有关的数词。其中各类数词的用法是学习重点。
3、形容词。掌握形容词的位置及使用顺序和“级”的概念,能辨析不同词缀的形容词。其中形容词的辨析是学习的难点。
4、副词。学习副词,要掌握副词在句子中的位置、顺序和意义相近副词的辨析。其中副词在句中的位置、功能是学习重点,而意义相近副词的辨析是学习难点。